12 Signs of Gout

Gout is a prevalent type of arthritis that typically targets the joint at the base of the big toe. However, it can also cause symptoms in fingers, wrists, elbows, knees, and ankles.

This condition develops when there is an excessive amount of uric acid in the blood, often caused by the overconsumption of purines – chemicals found in meats, alcohol, and other foods.

When the kidneys struggle to excrete these purines quickly enough, urate crystals begin to accumulate in the affected joint, leading to the painful symptoms of gout.

Severe Joint Pain

For many individuals suffering from gout, the initial symptom is often intense pain in the big toe. This discomfort stems from the accumulation of urate crystals within the joint and typically impacts just one joint at a time. However, it can extend to other joints in later flare-ups.

The pain is generally most severe during the first 36 hours and tends to subside within a week to 10 days.

Inflammation

Gout-induced swelling typically stems from inflammation within the affected joint, making it one of the most prevalent and easily recognizable symptoms of the condition. This swelling is felt directly over the impacted joint, with the onset often being rapid, as pain and inflammation tend to occur simultaneously.

During a gout flare-up, it’s beneficial for the individual to remove any socks or tight-fitting pants around the ankles, as added pressure against the swollen limb can exacerbate the discomfort.

Warmth and Redness

Gout is characterized by three universal symptoms: joint pain, swelling, and redness.

During a gout attack, individuals will notice redness over the affected joint, primarily due to inflammation within the area. This redness can also result from tissue stretching, swelling, and increased blood flow to the affected region.

Restricted Mobility

A person suffering from a gout attack often struggles to move the affected joint due to various factors. Intense pain can inhibit movement, while accompanying swelling may also limit the joint’s normal range of motion.

Additionally, the presence of uric acid crystals within the joint can contribute to stiffness. Understanding these signs can help individuals recognize and address gout attacks more effectively.

Persistent Discomfort

Gout attacks can bring intense pain, but it typically subsides within a day or two. However, discomfort may persist in the affected joint for days or even weeks before eventually disappearing.

Unfortunately, subsequent gout attacks may last longer and involve more joints, potentially leading to chronic pain issues depending on the severity and frequency of these episodes.

Heightened Sensitivity

During a gout attack, tenderness exhibits distinct features that set it apart from pain. As previously mentioned, severe joint pain is a classic symptom of a gout flare-up.

However, tenderness tends to affect the outer area of the joint more significantly. For instance, an individual suffering from a gout episode may find it unbearable to even have a blanket resting against their knee without experiencing heightened discomfort.

Ongoing Aches

Persistent aches and discomfort may indicate that gout is worsening. If an individual continues to suffer from achy joints weeks or even months after a gout attack, they could be experiencing long-term damage.

Although these persistent aches may not be as excruciating as a flare-up, their prolonged presence can significantly affect a person’s overall quality of life.

Flaky, Dry Skin

Dry, peeling skin over the impacted joint is a prevalent gout symptom, typically caused by inflammation and swelling that stretches the tissue and damages the skin’s surface layers. This dryness and peeling can linger for days even after the gout attack has subsided.

Development of Tophi

Tophi, large deposits of uric acid, tend to accumulate in the joint following multiple gout attacks.

These deposits can lead to permanent disfigurement of the joint, significantly impacting one’s quality of life. It is important to note that tophi do not disappear after a gout attack subsides.

Sudden Onset, Typically at Night

Gout attacks often have unique characteristics, including their sudden onset, rapid progression, and tendency to occur at night. A flare-up can peak in severity within just 12 hours.

Interestingly, an individual may not display any warning signs of an impending gout attack during the day, only to be abruptly awakened by intense pain at night.

Overall Body Symptoms

Gout can lead to various systemic symptoms such as nausea and loss of appetite. These symptoms may arise just before a flare, at the peak of the attack, or while the gout episode is subsiding. Though not prevalent, these symptoms do affect some individuals suffering from gout.